Introduction

The Marburg virus is a highly infectious pathogen responsible for Marburg Virus Disease (MVD), a severe hemorrhagic fever. First identified in 1967, the virus is part of the Filoviridae family, which also includes the Ebola virus.

Transmission and Symptoms

Marburg virus originates from fruit bats and is transmitted to humans through contact with bat excretions or consumption of contaminated food. Human-to-human transmission occurs through direct contact with blood, secretions, or other bodily fluids of infected individuals. Symptoms typically include sudden fever, severe headache, muscle pain, and gastrointestinal issues such as diarrhea and vomiting. In advanced stages, patients can experience bleeding from multiple sites and organ failure.

Mortality and Treatment

Marburg virus has a fatality rate of up to 88%, depending on the outbreak and response. Currently, there are no approved antiviral treatments, though supportive care, such as rehydration and treatment of specific symptoms, significantly improves survival rates. Research into vaccines and treatments is ongoing.

Implications for Healthcare

For medical students, understanding Marburg virus is critical for handling potential outbreaks, especially in areas with active transmission. Proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and infection control protocols is essential to prevent the spread of this highly contagious virus.